Street Space Demand and Child-friendly Design Response under the Transition of Fertility Policy

Abstract

Amid the policy shift from the "two-child" to the "three-child" policy, the rising number of multi-child families has increased the demand for safer, more functional, and intergenerationally inclusive urban spaces. Integrating big data analysis, household behavior observation, and multi-source data fusion, this study investigates the optimization of urban street spaces under policy transformation. Results indicate that: 1) children's safety needs now span both "physical isolation" and "perceived safety"; 2) policy support is positively correlated with the coverage of child-friendly facilities; and 3) dynamic, data-driven design effectively compensates for static planning limitations. Yet, current research lacks attention to children's subjectivity, real-time responsiveness, and long-term impact assessment. This paper proposes a dynamic "policy-datadesign" framework to shift street space from "passive safety control" to "active empowerment." Through stepwise child participation, interdisciplinary data integration, and multifunctional design, the framework aims to enhance childfriendly urban development and ease family fertility pressure while improving governance efficiency.