Clinical Medicine and Pharmacology (CMP) is a peer-reviewed, open-access academic journal committed to advancing patient-centered, clinically driven research across medicine, pharmacology, and related healthcare sciences. The journal serves as a global platform for disseminating high-quality clinical findings, practical innovations, and translational research that bridges disciplines and supports real-world medical advancement. CMP particularly values clinician-led studies, practice-based evidence from primary care institutions, and collaborative contributions that translate emerging medical knowledge into improved patient outcomes.
Evaluation of the inhibitory effect of 2,5-Dimethyl-Celecoxib on tamoxifen-sensitive and -resistant human breast cancer cells (MCF-7)
Acquired endocrine-resistance has become a big clinical challenge in breast cancer endocrine therapy.We previously reported that simvastatin inhibited TamR cell growth by reducing the expression of minichromosome maintenance protein 7 (MCM7) and retinoblastoma protein (Rb), which caused a significant up-regulation of γH2AX expression and subsequently induces DNA damage.Our previous studies have demonstrated that 2,5-dimethyl-celecoxib (DMC) can significantly reduce MCM7 and Rb protein expression in both MCF-7 and MCF-7/TamR cell lines. Aimed to investigate the effect of DMC on the proliferation of TAM-sensitive and -resistant breast cancer cell lines as well as to evaluate the possible underlying inhibitory mechanism, MTT and apoptosis analysis were performed to detect cell proliferation and apoptosis.Western blotting assays were performed to analyse the protein expression levels of cell cycle and apoptosis regulators. Furthermore, immunoﬂuorescence and comet assays were carried out to explore the mechanism of DNA damage.Finally, in vivo experiments are performed to verify the results of in vitro experiments. The results demonstrated that DMC inhibited the proliferation and increased the apoptosis of both TAM-sensitive and -resistant breast cancer cells in vitro. In addition, DMC was observed to down-regulate Rb/MCM7 and induce DNA damage, particularly when used in combination with TAM. Notably,DMC also proved to have the same effect in vivo model. In summary , the growth inhibition generated by DMC may be achieved by inhibiting the protein expression of Rb/MCM7 and subsequently inducing DNA damage. This study provides a novel strategy for the treatment of TamR breast cancer patients in the clinical setting.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yingfen Wang, Chao Li, Aoying Li, Peijun Liu, Xuemei Yan, Tan Tan (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Role and Significance of BRCA1 c.4712delT Mutation in Ovarian Cancer
Objective: To investigate the mutation status of BRCA1 c.4712delT in patients with sporadic ovarian cancer and to analyze its clinical significance in relation to clinical indicators such as HE4 and CA125. Methods: 1)The BRCA1 c.4712delT mutation status in patients with sporadic ovarian cancer and healthy individuals was detected using Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) and Sanger sequencing. 2)Statistical analyses were conducted to assess differences in age, tumor markers, and coagulation function between ovarian cancer patients and healthy individuals, as well as between BRCA1 c.4712delT-mutated and non-mutated ovarian cancer patients. Results: This study enrolled 209 ovarian cancer patients and 213 healthy individuals undergoing routine health checkups. In sporadic ovarian cancer patients, the BRCA1 c.4712delT mutation frequency was 1.67%, slightly higher than the 0.47% frequency in the healthy population; however, the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.103). Levels of age, HE4, and CA125 showed statistically significant differences between ovarian cancer patients and healthy individuals. No statistically significant differences were observed in age, HE4, CA125, PT, APTT, TT, FIB, D-D, personal cancer history, family history, lymph node metastasis, pathological grade, or clinical stage between the BRCA1 c.4712delT-mutated and non-mutated groups. Bioinformatics analysis predicted that the BRCA1 c.4712delT mutation is deleterious. An ovarian cancer risk model established based on age, HE4, CA125 levels, and BRCA1 c.4712delT mutation status demonstrated that the combined model incorporating all factors yielded the best diagnostic efficacy for predicting ovarian cancer risk. Conclusions: 1)The mutation frequency of BRCA1 c.4712delT in ovarian cancer patients is 1.67%. 2)Changes in serum levels of the tumor markers HE4 and CA125 serve as effective indicators for the early diagnosis of ovarian cancer. 3)BRCA1 c.4712delT mutation detection is a potential indicator for the early diagnosis of ovarian cancer.
Copyright (c) 2026 Jingwen Zhong, Hongyu Deng (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
An Analysis on Prevalence and Risk Factors of Chronic Kidney Disease in Yongzhou Region
Objective This study is to investigate the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its major risk factors among the adult population in Yongzhou, Hunan Province, it provides a scientific basis for developing targeted CKD prevention and management strategies in this region. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2024 to July 2025, involving participants from the nephrology outpatient clinic and health check-up center of Yongzhou Central Hospital. All participants underwent questionnaires, physical examinations, and laboratory tests. The collected data were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 2,571 eligible participants were enrolled in this study. The participants comprised 1,167 patients from the nephrology outpatient clinic and 1,404 individuals from the health examination center, with a mean age of 52.16 ± 14.23 years (50.36 ± 15.82 years for males and 54.09 ± 12.18 years for females). Chi-square tests revealed that the differences in the prevalence of CKD across groups stratified by age, BMI, physical labor level, alcohol consumption, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hyperuricemia were statistically significant in the total population. Logistic regression analysis identified increasing age, lack of physical labor, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hyperuricemia as independent risk factors for CKD. Conclusion Although the prevalence of CKD among adults in Yongzhou is slightly lower than the national average, the absolute disease burden remains substantial and is closely associated with multiple modifiable metabolic risk factors. Early screening and comprehensive management of risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and hyperuricemia should be strengthened to delay the onset and progression of CKD.
Copyright (c) 2026 Xiaoqiang Chen, Lin Li, Peng Wang, Xiangjun Luo, Xiaohua Deng, Xueqing Liu, Haixia Liu (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Lymphocyte subset distribution can predict the efficacy of first-line treatment in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Objective: To explore the relationship between peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma ( DBL) . large B-cell lymphoma , DLBCL and nasal NK/T-cell lymphoma (NK/T-cell) To investigate the relationship between first-line treatment efficacy and predictive biomarkers for DLBCL (Diagnosis Related-Brain Colopathy) and nasal ENKTL (Enzyme-Lung Cell Toxic Leukoma). Methods: The basic pathological characteristics of 110 patients diagnosed with DLBCL or nasal ENKTL were analyzed, and the efficacy of first-line treatment regimens was evaluated. The correlations between peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets, tumor-specific growth factor ( TSGF ) , lactate dehydrogenase ( LDH ) , and Ki67 with the efficacy of first-line treatment for DLBCL and nasal ENKTL were also examined. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: 1. DLBCL was more predominantly diagnosed at an advanced stage (III-IV), while nasal ENKTL was more predominantly diagnosed at an early stage (I) (P = 0.000 ). DLBCL was primarily treated with CHOP-containing regimens, while nasal ENKTL was primarily treated with GELOXD regimens (P = 0.000 ). DLBCL was predominantly associated with partial remission (PR), while nasal ENKTL was predominantly associated with complete remission (CR). Nasal ENKTL had a better prognosis (P = 0.005 ). 2. Stage, CD8 + T lymphocyte ratio , and LDH were independent risk factors for the efficacy of first-line treatment of DLBCL (higher levels indicate worse efficacy); while stage and T lymphocyte ratio were risk factors for the efficacy of first-line treatment with nasal ENKTL (higher levels indicate worse efficacy). Conclusion: The distribution of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets is closely related to the efficacy of first-line treatment for DLBCL and nasal ENKTL. By detecting the distribution of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets before treatment, the efficacy of first-line treatment for DLBCL and nasal ENKTL can be predicted, thereby guiding physicians to adjust treatment plans.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yumei Huang, Zhenjun Tan, Hongyu Deng, Hongjun Huang, Faqing Tang (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Global Burden and Causal Associations of Risk Factors with Ovarian Cancer: A Combined GBD and Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Ovarian cancer (OC) remains a major cause of gynecologic cancer mortality worldwide, with incidence continuing to rise in low- and middle-SDI regions. Metabolic risk factors may be reshaping OC epidemiology. This study quantifies global OC burden from 1990 to 2023 and examines causal relationships between metabolic and behavioral factors and OC using Mendelian randomization (MR). Using GBD 2023 data, we assessed OC incidence, mortality, DALYs, and estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) across regions and SDI levels. A two-sample MR analysis was conducted to evaluate causal effects of multiple exposures, with sensitivity tests including MR-Egger, weighted median, and Cochran’s Q. From 1990 to 2023, global OC incidence increased by 111%, deaths by 100.7%, and DALYs by 97.4%. Age-standardized incidence and mortality rates declined until 2014 but have risen over the past decade, particularly in low- and middle-SDI settings. Women aged 30–49 years experienced the fastest growth in EAPC. MR results indicated significant associations between OC risk and HIP (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.13–1.48), childhood BMI (OR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.07–1.39), and waist circumference (OR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.07–1.51), with consistent findings across sensitivity analyses and no evidence of pleiotropy. These results indicate a rising global OC burden and support a causal link between central adiposity, early-life obesity, and OC risk, emphasizing the need for targeted metabolic interventions and early detection strategies.
Copyright (c) 2025 Lisa Sun, Yongwen Yang, Haoming Shen, Bin Qu (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Spatial Proteomics Imaging to Decode Disease Progression: A Perspective on Tumor Microenvironments
Protein spatial imaging, rooted in spatial proteomics, enables the localization of proteins within their native environment, thus preserving structural and functional context. Its integration into cancer research has provided insights into tumor progression, especially in breast cancer, where ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) may transition into invasive breast cancer (IBC). Multiplexed ion beam imaging by time-of-flight (MIBI-TOF) has emerged as a powerful method to visualize protein distribution, tumor–stroma interactions, and immune cell dynamics. Evidence indicates that the tumor microenvironment (TME)—including stromal architecture, extracellular matrix (ECM), and immune cell infiltration—plays a central role in malignant progression. Here, we highlight recent advances in protein spatial imaging, discuss optimization strategies, and examine its implications for breast cancer progression and other diseases.
Copyright (c) 2025 Haonan Zhang (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Function and Molecular Mechanism of m5C participating Malignant Tumors
5-methylcytosine (m5C) plays a crucial role in gene expression regulation and RNA metabolism, and it is an important form of RNA epigenetic modification. This article systematically summarizes the molecular mechanisms of m5C regulation, including its dynamic regulatory network composed of methyltransferases, demethylases, and recognition proteins, and explores the function and mechanism of m5C in RNA stability, translation, and nucleocytoplasmic transport. m5C participates in the development of tumors by regulating oncogene expression, immune microenvironment remodeling, and metabolic reprogramming. The correlation between m5C modification levels and tumor patient prognosis is analyzed, and the potential value of m5C as a tumor diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target is explored. High throughput sequencing and computational biology have driven m5C investigation, but the development and innovation of detection technologies, mechanisms for regulating tissue heterogeneity, and synergistic effects with other modifications such as m6A remain current challenges. In future, it needs to further be analyzed the precise regulatory network of m5C, providing theoretical basis for developing targeted intervention strategies to promote its application in precision medicine.
Copyright (c) 2025 Qingwen Zhong, Hongyu Deng (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
A Transcriptome Sequencing Analysis on Berberine-mediated Gene Expression in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma cells
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a highly prevalent head and neck malignant tumor in southern China and Southeast Asia. Traditional Chinese medicine treatment with Coptis chinensis as the main medicine is an important part of the comprehensive treatment of NPC with traditional Chinese medicine. The extract of Coptis chinensis, berberine, has good inhibitory effects on various solid tumors and hematological tumors, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma. However, its inhibitory effect and mechanism on tumors are unclear. This study used high-throughput sequencing technology to analyze the effect of berberine on RNA transcriptome of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells to reveal the molecular mechanism of berberine anti-NPC. The Transcriptome Sequestration Analysis showed that berberine treatment significantly enriched differentially expressed genes in GO processes such as misfolded protein endoplasmic reticulum stress, DNA replication, cell apoptosis, and inflammatory response. Signal pathway analysis showed that differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in tumor oncogenic and autophagic regulatory signaling pathways such as MAPK, Hippo, PI3K/AKT, TGF β, p53, etc. Berberine significantly altered the transcriptome expression profile of NPC cells, inhibited pro- tumor signals such as AKT/mTOR, thereby suppressing the growth, proliferation, migration, and invasion ability of NPC cells, inducing autophagic death of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, and inhibiting cell growth and malignant characteristics.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rong Liu, Hongkong Tang, Faqing Tang (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Latest Research Progress of IER3 in Clinical Significance and Mechanisms
Malignant tumor is one of the diseases threatening human health, and liver cancer is the most common. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common clinicopathological subtype. Immediate early response 3 (IER3) plays a regulatory role in a variety of malignant tumors. This article reviews the latest research progress on the clinical significance and mechanism of IER3 in HCC and a variety of malignant tumors.
Copyright (c) 2025 Wenbing Li, Xinlong Zhang, Yanting Yang, Zenghua Zhou, Zhenbo Huang, Hui Li (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Potential Collaborative Markers for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a prevalent malignant tumor, which lacks specific diagnostic markers and effective therapeutic evaluation indexes. AGR2 (Pregradient protein 2) and AKR1B10 (aldoketone reductase 1B10) are oncoproteins secreted by cancer cells into peripheral blood. Prior researches have suggested that the upregulation of AGR2 and AKR1B10 occurs in both primary and metastatic NPC tissues, indicating their potential as biomarkers for NPC development. In the present study, NPC patients had considerably greater serum levels of AGR2 and AKR1B10 than did healthy persons, and these levels decreased following treatment. Furthermore, the serum concentrations of AGR2 and AKR1B10 in patients with NPC were positively correlated with the grade of TNM (tumor lymph node metastasis) and the occurrence of meta stasis. Consistently, AGR2 and AKR1B10 positive rates in NPC tissues were notably greater than those in nearby normal tissues. Additionally, there was an affirmative linear connection between AGR2 and AKR1B10 in NPC patients. In conclusion, there appears to be a close relationship between the expression of AGR2 and AKR1B10, both serving as synergistic biomarkers for early diagnosis and treatment evaluation indicators for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Copyright (c) 2025 Qi Tang, Yao Wu, Yuan Tan, Faqing Tang (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Causal Relationship between PCSK9 Inhibitor and Atrial Fibrillation/ A Drug Target Mendelian Randomization Study
In addition to reducing cholesterol levels, proprotein convertase subtilis kexin 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors exhibit pleiotropic effects, including potential prevention of atrial fibrillation; however, their impact on this cardiac arrhythmia remains controversial. To investigate this relationship, we employed drug-target Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, collecting single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of PCSK9 from published genome-wide association study statistics. Our findings demonstrated that PCSK9 inhibitors significantly reduced the risk of atrial fibrillation (OR [95%CI] = 0.59 [0.45 to 0.78], p=1.38×10-4). For comparison, we also evaluated the effects of 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) inhibitors (targeting statins), using coronary heart disease risk as a positive control, and observed that HMGCR inhibitors may conversely increase the risk of atrial fibrillation. These results suggest that PCSK9 inhibitors confer a protective effect against atrial fibrillation, while HMGCR inhibitors could pose a potential risk for this condition.
Copyright (c) 2025 Xinlong Zhang, Zihong Yang, Rongjie Huang (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Evaluating The Causal Relationship Between Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids And Hypertension: Insights From A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
To investigate the causal relationship between dietary intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFA) and hypertension using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. Data from a comprehensive genome-wide association study (GWAS) database was used to identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with ω-3 PUFA levels as instrumental variables. Five MR methods were employed for causal inference: MR-Egger regression, weighted median, inverse-variance weighted (IVW), simple mode, and weighted mode. The analysis was complemented by pleiotropy tests using the MR-Egger intercept and the MR-PRESSO method, alongside a 'leave-one-out' sensitivity analysis. The analysis showed no significant causal effects of ω-3 PUFA on hypertension across all methods (P > 0.05). The pleiotropy tests and sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of these findings. This MR study found no evidence supporting a causal relationship between ω-3 PUFA intake and hypertension, indicating that additional factors may modulate this association.
Copyright (c) 2025 Weikun Zhao, Xiaoping Li, Yuechang Li (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Mendelian Randomization Study Evidence On The Association Between Herpes Simplex Virus Antibodies Immune Response And The Risk Of Drug-Induced Obesity
This study utilized Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the causal link between immune response to herpes simplex virus antibodies and drug-induced obesity (DIO). Genome-wide association study (GWAS) data was analyzed using methods like Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, and Weighted Median method (WME). Effective instrumental variables were identified, showing a significant increase in DIO risk with Epstein-Barr virus ZEBRA antibody, herpes simplex virus 7 U14 antibody, herpes simplex virus type 1 IgG, and herpes simplex virus type 2 IgG seropositivity. Reverse MR analysis did not reveal a reverse causal relationship. The study provides initial evidence of the relationship between herpes simplex virus antibody immune response and DIO, contributing new theoretical insights for future understanding of DIO.
Copyright (c) 2025 Xiaoping Li, Weikun Zhao, Yanni Li, Hong Chen (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Circular DNAs Participate in Tumorigenesis and Its Mechanisms
Chromosome-derived circular DNAs have different characters from linear DNAs and RNAs, which exert distinctive functions, and participate in a widespread range of physiological and pathological processes. Although, the composition, structure and genome-wide frequency of circular DNAs have not yet been illuminated systemically, circular DNAs are identified to act as unanticipated major sources of somatic rearrangements, which is an important genomic feature in tumorigenesis and represents a multihit and ongoing mutagenic process. And, this process remarkably contributes to oncogenic remodeling and oncogenes amplification through chimeric circularization and reintegration of circular DNAs into the linear genome, which is closely associated with high cancer mortality and morbidity. It has been found that circular DNAs-stimulated oncogenes amplification and overexpression implicate in diverse cytopathological processes during cancer progression, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness and angiogenesis. Herein, we comprehensively introduced circular DNAs’ formation and characteristics, and emphatically elaborated circular DNAs-induced oncogenes amplification and overexpression and their functional mechanisms regulating cancer behaviors. Lastly, some mysteries in oncogenic circular DNAs’ study were introduced, and the perspectives were also discussed in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Copyright (c) 2025 Yuan Tan, Faqing Tang (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Development of Poly(p-phenylene vinylene)-Derived Near-inFrared Two-Photon Fluorescent Dyes and Nucleus-Specific Fluorescent Probes
PPV, an early air-stable conjugated polymer, is widely used in organic electronics and bioimaging due to its simple structure and UV-Vis spectral properties. This chapter explores the design, synthesis, and potential applications of near-infrared two-photon fluorescent dyes derived from PPV. Small molecule dyes (HO-PPV-X) with improved water solubility and strong push-pull structures were created by modifying PPV. Three synthesized dyes, HO-PPV-3CN, HO-PPV-MePy, and HO-PPV-EtBT, showed good solubility and near-infrared fluorescence. Live-cell imaging revealed different cellular localization: HO-PPV-3CN stained cytoplasm, HO-PPV-MePy stained the whole cell, and HO-PPV-EtBT targeted the nucleus. These findings suggest potential for developing fluorescent probes and diagnostic reagents with specific subcellular localization functions, especially HO-PPV-EtBT for nuclear staining.
Copyright (c) 2025 Haopeng Yang, Bo Chou (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Effect of HPV Mixed Infection and HPV Single Infection on Vaginal Microecology and Their Correlation Analysis
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a major pathogen factor for cervicitis and cervical cancer, it mediates vaginal microecology changes to cause diseases occurrence. But its mechanism is full clear. This study investigated the effect of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection on vaginal microecology and analyzed its correlation. 300 female patients who visited in Xiangya Boai Rehabilitation Hospital from January 2023 to December 2023 were enrolled into this study. HPV of the patients was detected using PCR method. The patients were diagnosed by two clinical experts. According to the HPV infection, the patients were divided into HPV single model infection group and HPV mixed group, with 100 cases in each group. 100 cases of the healthy population without HPV infection and cervicitis served as normal control group. Subsequently, HPV and vaginal microecological detections were performed on all subjects, including vaginal secretion cleanliness, PH value, leukocyte esterase (LE), sialic acid (SNA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and N-acetyl-β-galactosaminase (NAG). According to the test statistics, among the patients with HPV infection, the patients with HPV 51, 52, 53, 58 accounted for the majority. Compared with the normal control group and the HPV single infection group, the HPV mixed infection group had statistically significant differences in vaginal cleanliness, PH, positive rate of hydrogen oxidase, epithelial cells, LE, SNA, H2O2 and NAG in vaginal microecology (P < 0.01). In general, HPV mixed infection has a significant effect on vaginal microecology, while HPV single infection has little effect on vaginal microecology. These results can provide reference for clinical prevention and treatment of cervical lesions.
Copyright (c) 2025 Na Tang, Yan Zhang (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Meta-analysis on Vitamin D Receptor TaqI Polymorphism and Breast Cancer Risk
Vitamin D receptor (VDR) principally mediates the anticancer activities of vitamin D. Many studies investigated the association between VDR gene TaqI polymorphism and breast cancer, but the results were inconclusive. We performed this meta-analysis to evaluate the association between VDR gene TaqI polymorphism and breast cancer. 21 studies with a total of 10232 cancer cases and 11708 control subjects were identified from PubMed, Embase, Ovid Medline and CNKI databases. The pooled odds ratio (OR) and confidence intervals (95 % CI) were used to assess the association. The meta-analysis indicated that VDR gene TaqI polymorphism was associated with risk of breast cancer (T vs. t, OR = 0.94, 95 % CI 0.91–0.98, p = 0.004; TT vs. tt, OR = 0.88, 95 % CI 0.80–0.95, p = 0.002; TT vs. Tt, OR = 0.98, 95 % CI 0.92–1.04, p= 0.445; TT vs. Tt+tt OR = 0.95, 95 % CI 0.90–1.01, p = 0.078; TT+Tt vs. tt, OR = 0.89, 95% CI .82-0.96, p = 0.002). Subgroup analysis by ethnicity further showed the polymorphism of VDR TaqI was a potential risk factor for breast cancer in the Caucasian population (OR T vs. t = 0.94, 95 % CI 0.91–0.98, p = 0.004; OR TT vs. tt = 0.88, 95%CI 0.81–0.97, p = 0.002).
Copyright (c) 2025 Shan Zhou, Faqing Tang (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
CYP2C19 Gene Polymorphism in Patients with Digestive Disease from Hezhou Area
The CYP2C19 gene, characterized by high polymorphism, plays a key role in interindividual variability in drug response, particularly for proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). However, data on CYP2C19 genetic distribution in the local Hezhou population of Guangxi Province remain limited. This study aimed to identify CYP2C19 polymorphisms in digestive disease patients in Hezhou and compare genotype prevalence across populations to clarify allele distribution patterns and optimize prescription strategies. A total of 95 patients with digestive disorders were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing to detect CYP2C19 variants, and genotype distribution was further compared across different ethnic groups. The allele frequencies of CYP2C19*1, *2, *3, and *17 were 93.68%, 40%, 8.42%, and 7.37%, respectively. In terms of metabolic phenotypes, normal metabolizers (*1/*1) comprised 47.37%, rapid metabolizers (*1/*17) 6.32%, intermediate metabolizers (*1/*2, *1/*3, *2/*17) 41.05%, and poor metabolizers (*2/*2, *2/*3) 5.26%. Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences in genotype distribution between males and females (p=0.548), across six digestive disease categories (p=0.956), or between Helicobacter pylori-positive and -negative groups (p=0.160). These findings suggest that CYP2C19 polymorphism is prevalent in the Hezhou population but shows no significant association with sex, digestive disease subtype, or H. pylori infection status. The results provide insight into the genetic landscape of CYP2C19 in this region and highlight the importance of considering genetic background in guiding rational PPI use, while also serving as a reference for personalized treatment strategies in populations with similar genetic structures.
Copyright (c) 2025 Min Deng, Wenjian Zhou, Qiuyan Wei, Peng Li, Nianyi Ye (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Serum tsRNA profile of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients with Various Chinese Medicine Syndrome
The incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is related to genetic factors, and individual genetics determines the physical constitution and syndrome type. The Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) studies have proven that NPC patients with different TCM syndrome types should be given various TCM treatment formulas, and the patients get various effects, but the molecular mechanisms are not clear. This study used small RNA microarray sequencing to analyze differential tsRNA of serum samples from NPC patient with TCM syndrome type, and molecular expression profiles in NPC with various CTM syndrome were obtained. 3,718 tsRNAs were highly expressed in NPC patients when compared with healthy population. In the pattern of lung heat with phlegm coagulation, 47 tsRNAs were up-regulated and 11 were down-regulated. Remarkably, tRF3b-ArgACG-2, 5'tiRNA-32-ValAAC-1, mt-tRF3-21-ValTAC, mt-tRF3-24-ValTAC, and mt-tRF3-20-ValTAC exhibited up-regulation. While 5'tiRNA-36-GlnCTG-6, tRF3b-PheGAA-11, tRF5-18-AsnGTT-15, tRF5-30-GlnTTG-3, 5'tiRNA-35-LeuTAG-1 were down-regulated. In Qi stagnation with phlegm stasis, 16 tsRNAs were up-regulated and 16 tsRNAs were down-regulated. tRF-1-GluCTC-5-1, tRF3b-ArgACG-2, 5'tiRNA-32-ValAAC-2, 5'tiRNA-35-GlnTTG-6, and 5'tiRNA-34-GlnTTG-6 showed up-regulation. tRF5-18-GlnTTG-5, tRF5-18-GluTTC-9, i-tRF-29:51-Asn-GTT-1, tRF5-18-GlyCCC-6, and i-tRF-21i22:46-Lys-CTT-1 were down-regulated. For fire toxin obstruction, 19 tsRNAs were up-regulated and 32 tsRNAs were down-regulated. mt-tRF3-19-ValTAC, mt-tRF3a-ValTAC, tRF5-22-ValCAC-6, mt-tRF5-25-TyrGTA, and 5'Leader-ThrAGT-1-1 were upregulated. tRF3b-GluTTC-4, 5'tiRNA-37-LeuAAG-4, 5'Leader-ThrAGT-4-1, mt-tRF3-17-ThrTGT, and 3'tiRNA-45-AlaCGC-4 were down-regulated. The Qi-Yin deficiency group showed 6 upregulated and 1 downregulated tsRNA. i-tRF-15:32-His-GTG-1, mt-tRF5-26-LeuTAA, 5'tiRNA-37-AsnGTT-7, mt-tRF5-22-MetCAT, tRF5-30-HisGTG-1, and i-tRF-21:54-His-GTG-1 were upregulated. tRF3a-AlaAGC-10 was down-regulated. Specific tsRNA profiles for each syndrome are revealed, NPC patients with different TCM syndrome types have various tsRNA profile.
Copyright (c) 2025 Qi Tang, Yao Wu, Lin Chen, Faqing Tang (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
PBX/Knotted 1 homeobox 2 as a novel prognostic marker that dysregulated in lung adenocarcinoma
Homeobox-containing genes are evolutionary conserved regulators that play important roles in embryogenesis and tumorigenesis. We started by searching differentially expressed (DE) homeobox-containing genes in lung adenocarcinoma datasets and obtained 14 candidates from a total of 238 distinct members. Using univariant Cox and lasso regression, we created a 6 DE-homeobox-containing gene-based model that successfully predicted overall survival, disease-free time survival, and progression-free intervals in LUAD patients. Following that, we notice that PKNOX2 (PBX/Knotted 1 Homeobox 2) is the most potent protective factor for overall survival of LUAD patients. Its expression was significantly downregulated in LUAD and decreased as tumor pathological grade increased. PKNOX2 was as an independent prognostic marker in LUAD in univariate and multivariate Cox proportional and further confirmed in Kaplan-Meier survival analyses. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) results revealed that PKNOX2 related genes were enriched in immune response as well as extracellular matrix organization. Further we revealed that PKNOX2 was linked to tumor purity and macrophage filtrations. Since previous studies suggested that PKNOX2 play a tumor suppressive role in gastric cancer, however its pathological role in LUAD is unknown. These findings suggest that PKNOX2 dysregulation may play a role in the development of LUAD tumors and could be used as a novel prognostic marker for LUAD patients.
Copyright (c) 2025 Lisa Sun, Yuxi Ren, Ping Xiao, Haoming Shen, Bin Qu (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Aptamers Associated with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Metastasis
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has high metastasis, high recurrence and poorly differentiated clinical characters. There has not been a biomarker for predicting NPC metastasis. Searching for molecular biomarkers linked with NPC metastasis and forecasting NPC metastasis is urgently need to be addressed. This study showed a specific Aptamer (Seq4 and Seq5) to link to NPC metastasis, and may be a potential biomarker for NPC metastasis. In the experiment study, NPC cells 5-8F with high metastatic ability were served as target cells for forward selection and 6-10B cells without metastasis as a reverse selection, cell-SELEX technology was used to screen NPC metastasis specific aptamers. Then, the screening products were sequenced using high-throughput sequencing, some DNA sequences that are associated with NPC metastasis were obtained. Further, these DNA sequences were screened with target cells 5-8F and control cells 6-10B. Finally, the specific combination with NPC cells 5-8F and non-combination with the control cell 6-10B were used to verify the specificity of the Aptamer seq4/seq5. Aptamer seq4/seq5 may be a specific nuclear aptamer for NPC metastasis. This provides a novel molecular marker for early diagnosis and target therapy of NPC metastasis.
Copyright (c) 2025 Congcong Tang, Chan Chen, Faqing Tang (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Research Progress on the Association Between the Oral–Gut Microbiota Axis and Cardiovascular Disease
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of global mortality despite substantial advances in the pathophysiological understanding and clinical management of this disease. Emerging evidence implicates the oral and intestinal microbiota—two highly complex microbial ecosystems—as critical modulators of cardiovascular homeostasis. These communities are shaped by host immunity, lifestyle, aging, diet, pharmacological agents, and environmental exposure; their dysbiosis has been causally linked to a spectrum of chronic disorders, including CVD. This suggests that the oral and gut microbiota constitute tractable biological targets for CVD intervention. Here, we first delineate the compositional and functional interrelationship between the oral and gut microbiomes. We then summarize mechanistic pathways through which the oral–gut microbiota axis may drive CVD, including (i) direct endothelial invasion, (ii) microbial translocation, (iii) platelet hyperaggregation, (iv) immune-mediated systemic inflammation, and (v) microbial metabolite–host interactions. Finally, we review clinical associations between the oral–gut axis and prevalent CVD phenotypes—atherosclerosis, hypertension, myocardial infarction, and heart failure—and discuss translational perspectives for microbiota-directed therapeutics.
Copyright (c) 2025 Dan Lv, Jincai Guo, Xiushan Wu, Chuanhao Jiang, Biming Zhang, Xiangli Ye, Yong Chen (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0